STAINLESS STEEL

T13880; 3XX SERIES; 4XX SERIES

Emergency Overview 

Color:  gray to black 

Change in color: Not available

Physical Form: solid

Odor:  odorless 

Health Hazards:  potentially fatal if inhaled, potentially fatal if swallowed, respiratory tract burns, skin burns, eye burns, mucous membrane burns, allergic reactions, nerve damage, suspect cancer hazard (in animals) 

Physical Hazards:  Negligible fire and explosion hazard in bulk form. Dust/air mixtures may ignite or explode. 

Short Term:  cough, irritation (possibly severe), allergic reactions, changes in body temperature, fever, metal fume fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pain, difficulty breathing, headache, dizziness, lung congestion, death 

Long Term:  cough, irritation (possibly severe), allergic reactions, lack of sense of smell, metallic taste, tooth discoloration, changes in blood pressure, loss of appetite, weight loss, chest pain, difficulty breathing, asthma, headache, disorientation, difficulty speaking, sleep disturbances, emotional disturbances, hallucinations, mood swings, pain in extremities, tremors, muscle cramps, loss of coordination, hearing loss, visual disturbances, lung congestion, lung damage, blood disorders, heart disorders, kidney damage, liver damage, nerve damage, paralysis, reproductive effects, cancer 

Short Term:  irritation (possibly severe), allergic reactions, skin disorders 

Long Term:  irritation (possibly severe), allergic reactions, skin disorders 

Short Term:  irritation (possibly severe), sensitivity to light, tearing, blurred vision, eye damage 

Long Term:  irritation (possibly severe), eye damage 

Short Term:  irritation (possibly severe), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, weight loss, headache, dizziness, death 

Long Term:  irritation (possibly severe), rash, changes in blood pressure, ringing in the ears, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, stomach pain, weight loss, difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, drowsiness, disorientation, hearing loss, bluish skin color, blood disorders, heart disorders, nerve damage 

This product may be regulated, have exposure limits or other information identified as the following: Chromium compounds, Nickel compounds, Manganese compounds, n.o.s., Manganese compounds, inorganic, Titanium compounds, Molybdenum compounds, n.o.s., Copper, inorganic compounds, Copper compounds, n.o.s., Graphite, synthetic, Cobalt compounds, Cobalt, inorganic compounds.

If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified personnel. Get immediate medical attention. 

Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry contaminated clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. 

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Then get immediate medical attention. 

If a large amount is swallowed, get medical attention. 

For inhalation, consider oxygen. 

See Section 9 for Flammability Properties 

Negligible fire and explosion hazard in bulk form. Dust/air mixtures may ignite or explode. 

dolomite, dry powder for metal fires, dry sand, graphite, soda ash, sodium chloride 

Do not get water directly on material. 

Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. For fires in cargo or storage area: Cool containers with water from unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles until well after fire is out. If this is impossible then take the following precautions: Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Let the fire burn. Use extinguishing agents appropriate for surrounding fire. Avoid inhalation of material or combustion by-products. 

Subject to California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65). Keep out of water supplies and sewers. 

Collect spilled material in appropriate container for disposal. Notify Local Emergency Planning Committee and State Emergency Response Commission for release greater than or equal to RQ (U.S. SARA Section 304). If release occurs in the U.S. and is reportable under CERCLA Section 103, notify the National Response Center at (800)424-8802 (USA) or (202)426-2675 (USA). 

Store and handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards. Notify State Emergency Response Commission for storage or use at amounts greater than or equal to the TPQ (U.S. EPA SARA Section 302). SARA Section 303 requires facilities storing a material with a TPQ to participate in local emergency response planning (U.S. EPA 40 CFR 355 Part B). Keep separated from incompatible substances. 

Component Exposure Limits 

Biological limit value 

Provide local exhaust ventilation system. Ventilation equipment should be explosion-resistant if explosive concentrations of material are present. Ensure compliance with applicable exposure limits. 

Eyes/Face Wear splash resistant safety goggles. Provide an emergency eye wash fountain and quick drench shower in the immediate work area. 

Wear appropriate chemical resistant clothing. 

Wear fire-resistant gloves. 

Under conditions of frequent use or heavy exposure, respiratory protection may be needed. Respiratory protection is ranked in order from minimum to maximum. Consider warning properties before use. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece that is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. For Unknown Concentrations or Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health - Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece that is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. 

Stable at normal temperatures and pressure. 

None reported. 

acids, combustible materials, oxidizing materials, halogens, peroxides, metals, bases, metal carbide, metal salts, reducing agents, metal oxides, halo carbons 

STAINLESS STEEL STRONG ACIDS: May react. SILICON ALUMINUM + LEAD OXIDE: Mixture may explode on heating. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Ignition reaction. CESIUM ACETYLIDE: Vigorous reaction on heating. CALCIUM: Violently incandescent reaction above 1050 C, after a short delay. CHLORINE (GASEOUS): Ignition on contact at ambient temperatures. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: Ignition reaction. COBALT TRIFLUORIDE: Exothermic reaction, attaining red heat on warming. FLUORINE: Ignites at room temperature; attains temperatures above 1400 C. HYDROFLUORIC ACID: Attacks silicon. HYDROFLUORIC ACID + NITRIC ACID MIXTURE: Attacks silicon. IODINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction. IRIDIUM HEXAFLUORIDE: During reduction to pentafluoride, hexafluoride must not be condensed directly onto undiluted silicon powder or explosion may occur. LEAD OXIDE: An initiating mixture of silicon and lead dioxide (2: 1) attains a temperature around 1100 C after ignition by small flame. MANGANESE TRIFLUORIDE: Violent reaction. METAL CARBONATES (ALKALI): Exothermic reaction on heating, attaining incandescence and evolving carbon monoxide. MOLYBDENUM HEXAFLUORIDE: During reduction to pentafluoride, hexafluoride must not be condensed directly onto undiluted silicon powder or explosion may occur. NITROSYL FLUORIDE: Reacts with incandescence. OSMIUM HEXAFLUORIDE: During reduction to pentafluoride, hexafluoride must not be condensed directly onto undiluted silicon powder or explosion may occur. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. OXYGEN DIFLUORIDE: Generates sparks on heating. PEROXYFORMIC ACID: Traces of manganese dioxide may promote oxidation with ignition. RHENIUM HEXAFLUORIDE: During reduction to pentafluoride, hexafluoride must not be condensed directly onto undiluted silicon powder or explosion may occur. RUBIDIUM ACETYLIDE: Reacts vigorously on warming. SILVER FLUORIDE: Violent reaction. SODIUM-POTASSIUM ALLOY: The reaction forms sodium silicide, which is spontaneously flammable in air. URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE: During reduction to pentafluoride, hexafluoride must not be condensed directly onto undiluted silicon powder or explosion may occur. WATER: Combustible or explosive reaction at sufficiently high temperatures and pressures. CHROMIUM ALKALI CARBONATES: Attacked. ALKALIES (CAUSTIC): Attacked. AMMONIUM NITRATE (FUSED): Violent or explosive reaction. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: Violent decomposition reaction. LITHIUM (MOLTEN): Vigorous reaction at elevated temperatures. NITROGEN OXIDE: Incandescent reaction. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. POTASSIUM CHLORATE (FUSED): Vigorous incandescent reaction. SULPHUR DIOXIDE: Incandescent reaction. COBALT ACETYLENE: Incandescent reaction. ACIDS (STRONG): Incompatible. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Violent or explosive reaction. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction with possible ignition. BROMINE TETRAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction with possible ignition. HYDRAZINIUM NITRATE: Possible explosion above 70 C. NITRATES: Incompatible. NITRYL FLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. 1,3,4,7-TETRAMETHYLISOINDOLE: Possible explosion on heating. NICKEL ACIDS (STRONG): Possible violent reaction. ALUMINUM: May react explosively on heating. AMMONIA: Possible violent reaction. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Violent or explosive reaction. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction with possible ignition. ETHYLENE + ALUMINUM CHLORIDE: Violent, exothermic reaction. DIOXANE: Explosive reaction above 210 C. FLUORINE: Violent reaction. HYDRAZINE: Vigorous decomposition. HYDRAZOIC ACID: Vigorous decomposition. HYDROGEN: Exothermic above 150 C. METHANOL: Possible ignition. NITRIC ACID: Attacks. NITRYL FLUORIDE: Incandescence on warming. ORGANIC SOLVENTS: Possible explosion on heating. OXIDANTS: Violent reaction. PERFORMIC ACID: Violent reaction. PHOSPHORUS: Incandescence on heating. POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE, TITANIUM, AND INFUSORIAL EARTH: Shock-sensitive mixture. SELENIUM: Incandescent reaction with heating. SULFUR AND COMPOUNDS: Incandescent reaction with heating. NIOBIUM BASES: Incompatible. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction. CHLORINE: Ignites at 205 C. FLUORINE: Incandescent reaction. MINERAL ACIDS: Incompatible. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. MANGANESE ALUMINUM (DUST): Forms explosive mixtures with air. AMMONIUM NITRATE (FUSED): Violent or explosive reaction. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. CARBON DIOXIDE: Ignites. CHLORINE: Ignites. FLUORINE: Incandescent reaction. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: Violent decomposition and/or ignition. NITRIC ACID: Incandescent reaction and feeble explosion. NITROGEN DIOXIDE: Ignition. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. PHOSPHORUS: Incandescent reaction when heated. SULFUR DIOXIDE: Burns brilliantly on warming. TIN ACIDS (STRONG): Can produce toxic organic or inorganic tin compounds. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Forms shock-sensitive mixture. BICARBONATE POWDER: Violent reaction. BROMINE (EXCEPT IN HALOCARBON SOLUTION): Violent reaction. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Violent reaction. CARBON DIOXIDE: Violent reaction. CARBON TETRACHLORIDE + WATER: Violent reaction. CHLORINE (LIQUID): Ignites @ -34 C. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. CUPRIC NITRATE: Possible ignition. DISULFUR DICHLORIDE: Violent reaction. FLUORINE: Ignites @ 100 C. IODINE BROMIDE: Violent reaction. IODINE HEPTAFLUORIDE: Vigorous exothermic reaction when heated. PEROXIDE: Oxidation with incandescence may occur. POTASSIUM PEROXIDE: Incandescent reaction. POTASSIUM OXIDE: Oxidation with incandescence may occur. SODIUM PEROXIDE: Incandescent reaction. SODIUM PEROXIDE + CARBON DIOXIDE: Explodes. SULFUR: Ignition reaction. TELLURIUM: Vigorous exothermic reaction. TURPENTINE: Fire and explosion hazard. MOLYBDENUM (POWDER) BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction or possible ignition. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Incandesces on contact. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. FLUORINE (GAS): Ignites on contact. IODINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction on heating. LEAD DIOXIDE: Incandescent reaction on heating. NITRYL FLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Possible ignition. POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE: Ignites at 330 C. SODIUM PEROXIDE: Explosive reaction. COPPER ACETYLENE: Forms explosive copper acetylide. ACETYLENIC COMPOUNDS: Formation of explosive acetylides. ACIDS: May react. ALUMINUM + SULFUR: Possible explosion. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Violent or explosive reaction. BARIUM BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. BARIUM CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. BARIUM IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. BASES: May react. 1-BROMO-2-PROPYNE: Formation of explosive compound. CALCIUM BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. CALCIUM CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. CALCIUM IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. CHLORATES: Explosive reaction. CHLORINE: Ignition reaction. CHLORINE + OXYGEN DIFLUORIDE: Explosive reaction at -10 C. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: Intense reaction with possible ignition. DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE + TRICHLOROACETIC ACID: Possible explosion. ETHYLENE OXIDE: Possible explosion. FLUORINE: Ignition reaction. HYDRAZINIUM NITRATE: Ignition reaction. HYDRAZOIC ACID: Possible explosion. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: Violent decomposition. HYDROGEN SULFIDE: Intense exothermic reaction with possible ignition. LEAD AZIDE: Forms explosive copper azide. MAGNESIUM BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. MAGNESIUM CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. MAGNESIUM IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. OXIDIZERS: May react. PHOSPHORUS: Incandescent reaction. POTASSIUM BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. POTASSIUM CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. POTASSIUM DIOXIDE: Incandescent reaction. POTASSIUM IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. SODIUM AZIDE: Forms explosive compound. SODIUM BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. SODIUM CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. SODIUM IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. SODIUM PEROXIDE: Incandescent reaction. SULFUR + CHLORATES: Spontaneous explosion. SULFURIC ACID: Intense reaction. ZINC BROMATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. ZINC CHLORATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. ZINC IODATE: Explosive reaction by heat, impact or friction. TITANIUM ACIDS (STRONG): Attacks. ALKALI-METAL CARBONATES: Vivid incandescence. ALUMINUM: Incompatible. BASES (STRONG): Incompatible. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: Incandescence and violent reaction. CARBON BLACK: May form pyrophoric mixtures. CARBON DIOXIDE: Ignitable and explosive. CARBON DIOXIDE + NITROGEN: Ignites on heating. HALOCARBONS: Incompatible. HALOGENS: Incandescence and ignition when heated. METAL CARBONATES: Explosive reaction. METAL OXIDES: Violent reaction when heated. METALOXY SALTS: Incompatible. MINERAL ACIDS: Incompatible. NITROGEN: Burns vigorously above 802 C. NITRIC ACID (RED FUMING): Violent explosion when touched. NITRYL FLUORIDE: Ignition upon mild warming. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Incompatible. OXYGEN (LIQUID): Forms detonable mixture. POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS: Vivid incandescence and explosion upon heating. POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE + NICKEL: May ignite. SILVER FLUORIDE: Incandescent at 320 C. TRICHLOROETHYLENE: Will flash or spark on heavy impact. TRICHLOROTRIFLUOROETHANE: Will flash or spark on heavy impact. CARBON ALKALI METALS: Contact may result in an exothermic reaction with ignition or an explosion. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Possible explosion when heated. AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE: Possible explosion on heating. BROMATES: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE: Possible explosion on heating. CHLORATES: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. CHLORINE MONOXIDE: Explodes. CHROMATES: Incompatible. DICHLORINE OXIDE: Explosion reaction. HALOGENS: Contact of carbon with any halogen is liable to result in ignition or an explosion. INTERHALOGENS: Contact of carbon with any interhalogen is liable to result in ignition or an explosion. IODATES: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. IODINE PENTOXIDE: Explodes when warmed. METAL NITRATES: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. NITRIC ACID: Violent reaction. NITROGEN OXIDE: Ignition with incandescence. NITROGEN TRIFLUORIDE: Explosion at reduced temperatures. OILS (UNSATURATED): Fire and explosion hazard. OXIDES: Contact with many oxides is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. OXOSALTS: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. OXYGEN: May result in ignition or an explosion. OXYGEN DIFLUORIDE: Possible explosion. OZONE: Fire hazard. PEROXIDES: Contact is likely to result in ignition or an explosion. PEROXYFORMIC ACID: Violent oxidation. PEROXYFUROIC ACID: Explosive decomposition. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE: Ignition on heating. SODIUM SULFIDE: May undergo spontaneous heating. TRIOXYGEN DIFLUORIDE: Ignition with possible explosion. PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW) ACIDS: May cause reacts violently. ALKALI METAL NITRIDES: Formation of highly flammable compound. ALKALINE HYDROXIDES: Formation of pyrotechnic compound on boiling. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Explosion on impact. ANIMAL CHARCOAL: May cause ignition reaction. ANTIMONY PENTACHLORIDE: Ignites on contact. ANTIMONY PENTAFLUORIDE: Ignition reaction on contact. BARIUM BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. BARIUM CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. BARIUM IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. BERYLLIUM: May cause incandescent reaction in phosphorus vapors. BORON TRIFLUORIDE: Incandescent reaction. BORON TRIIODIDE: May cause incandescent reaction. BROMATES: May cause explosion reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. BROMINE (GAS, VAPOR): May cause incandescent reaction. BROMINE (LIQUID): May cause explosive reaction. BROMINE: Yields slimy by-product that explodes violently on heating. BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE: May cause incandescent reaction. BROMOAZIDE: May cause explosive reaction. CALCIUM BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. CALCIUM CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. CALCIUM HYDROXIDE (HOT): Evolves phosphine, which may ignite in air. CALCIUM IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. CARBON DISULFIDE: Yields slimy by-products that explode violently on heating. CAUSTIC ALKALIES (BOILING): Evolves phosphine, which may ignite in air. CARBON: Ignition at room temperature. CERIUM: May cause violent reaction on heating to 400-500 C. CESIUM: May cause vigorous reaction below 250 C. CESIUM ACETYLENE CARBIDE: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. CESIUM NITRIDE: May cause vigorous reaction. CHLORATES (MOIST): May cause explosive reaction on contact. CHLORINE (GAS): May cause ignition reaction. CHLORINE (LIQUID): May cause explosive reaction. CHLORINE DIOXIDE: May cause ignition and possible explosion. CHLORINE MONOXIDE: May cause explosive reaction. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: May cause ignition reaction. CHLORINE TRIOXIDE: May cause explosive reaction. CHLORINE + HEPTANE: May cause possible explosive reaction. CHLOROSULFONIC ACID: May cause explosive reaction @ 25-30 C. CHLOROSULFURIC ACID: May cause explosion hazard. CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE: May cause explosive reaction. CHROMIC ACID: May cause explosive reaction. CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE (MOLTEN): May cause explosive reaction. CHROMYL CHLORIDE: May cause explosive reaction with moist phosporus. COPPER: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. CYANOGEN IODIDE: May cause incandescent reaction with molten phosphorus. DINITROGEN PENTAOXIDE: May cause ignition on heating. DINITROGEN TETROXIDE: May cause violent combustion. FLUORINE (GAS): Ignites on contact. HALOGENS OR INTERHALOGENS: May cause ignition or incandescent reaction. HALOGEN AZIDES: May cause explosive reaction. HEPTASILVER NITRATE OCTAOXIDE: May cause explosion on impact. HEXALITHIUM DISILICIDE: May cause incandescent reaction. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: May cause violent reaction when heating in air. HYPOCHLORITES: May cause explosion hazard. IODATES: May cause explosion reaction with heating, percussion or light friction. IODINE: Ignites on contact. IODINE + CARBON DISULFIDE: May cause vigorous reaction. IODINE MONOCHLORIDE: May cause violent reaction. IODINE MONOBROMIDE (MOLTEN): May cause violent reaction. IODINE PENTAFLUORIDE: May cause explosive reaction. IRON: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. LANTHANUM: May cause violent reaction on heating to 400-500 C. LEAD OXIDES: May cause explosion on grinding. LEAD PEROXIDE: May cause explosive reaction. LITHIUM: May cause violent reaction on heating. LITHIUM CARBIDE: May cause combustion on heating. LITHIUM SILICIDE: May cause incandescent reaction. MAGNESIUM BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion or light friction. MAGNESIUM CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, light friction. MAGNESIUM IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. MAGNESIUM PERCHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction on mixing. MANGANESE: May cause incandescent reaction in phosphorus vapor. METAL ACETYLIDES: Incandesces with warm phosphorus. MERCURIC OXIDE: May cause explosion on percussion. MERCUROUS NITRATE: May cause explosion on percussion. NEODYMIUM: May cause violent reaction on heating. NICKEL: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. NITRATES: May cause possible explosion. NITRIC ACID VAPOR: May cause ignition reaction. NITROGEN BROMIDE: May cause violent explosion on contact. NITROGEN CHLORIDE: May cause explosive reaction. NITROGEN DIOXIDE: May cause ignition reaction on heating. NITROGEN OXIDE: May cause ignition reaction on heating. NITROGEN TRIBROMIDE: May cause explosion reaction. NITROGEN TRIBROMIDE HEXAAMMONIATE: May cause explosive reaction. NITROGEN TRICHLORIDE: May cause explosive reaction. NITROSYL FLUORIDE: May cause incandescent reaction. NITRYL FLUORIDE: May cause explosion hazard. OIL OF TURPENTINE: Incompatible. OSMIUM: May cause incandescent reaction in phosphorous vapor. OXIDIZING MATERIALS: May cause explosive reaction. OXYGEN: May cause vigorous reaction at room temperature. PERFORMIC ACID: May cause explosive reaction. PEROXYFORMIC ACID: May cause explosive reaction. PLATINUM: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. PRASEODYMIUM: May cause violent reaction on heating. POTASSIUM: May cause explosive reaction. POTASSIUM BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion or light friction. POTASSIUM CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, light friction, evolves spontaneously flammable phosphine on boiling. POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE: May cause explosive reaction. POTASSIUM IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light. POTASSIUM IODATE, WATER: May cause violent reaction and possible explosion. POTASSIUM NITRIDE: Formation of highly flammable compound on heating. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE: May cause explosion on grinding. POTASSIUM PEROXIDE: May cause ignition and possible explosion. RUBIDIUM: May cause vigorous reaction. RUBIDIUM ACETYLENE CARBIDE: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. SELENINYL CHLORIDE: May cause possible explosion. SELENIUM MONOCHLORIDE: May cause explosion on mixing. SELENIUM OXYCHLORIDE: May cause possible explosion. SELENIUM OXYFLUORIDE: May cause spontaneous ignition reaction. SELENIUM TETRAFLUORIDE: May cause violent reaction. SILVER NITRATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. SILVER OXIDE: Ignition on impact. SODIUM: May cause explosive reaction. SODIUM BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. SODIUM CARBIDE: May cause ignition reaction in phosphorus vapor. SODIUM CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. SODIUM HYDROXIDE: Evolves spontaneously flammable phosphine on boiling. SODIUM IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. SODIUM PEROXIDE: May cause explosive reaction. SULFUR: May cause ignition and explosion on warming. SULFURIC ACID (BOILING, CONCENTRATED): May cause ignition. SULFUR TRIOXIDE (LIQUID): May cause immediate ignition on contact. SULFUR TRIOXIDE (VAPOR): May cause ignition reaction, which may be delayed. THORIUM: May cause incandescent reaction on heating. VANADIUM OXYTRICHLORIDE: May cause possible explosion. ZINC BROMATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. ZINC CHLORATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. ZINC IODATE: May cause explosive reaction by heat, percussion, or light friction. ZIRCONIUM (IN VACUUM): May cause incandescent reaction on heating. SULFUR ALKALI METAL NITRIDES: Forms highly flammable mixture which evolves ammonia and hydrogen sulfide on contact with water. ALUMINUM (POWDER): Possible explosion. AMMONIA: May form explosive sulfur nitride. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Forms shock-sensitive mixture. BORON: Incandescent reaction above 600 C. BROMATES: Contact may result in ignition or an explosion. CADMIUM: Explosive reaction. CALCIUM: Explodes on ignition. CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE: Explosive reaction on heating in a closed container. CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE: Incandesces at 300 C. CARBON (ACTIVATED): May ignite spontaneously. CHLORATES: Contact may result in ignition or an explosion. CHLORINE DIOXIDE: Ignition with possible explosion. CHLORINE MONOXIDE: Violent explosion. CHLORINE TRIOXIDE: Violent reaction. CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE: Ignition on heating, possible explosion. CHROMYL CHLORIDE: Ignites. COPPER (POWDER): Ignition on warming. FLUORINE: Ignition at ambient temperatures. GADOLINIUM: Possible explosion. HEPTASILVER NITRATE OCTAOXIDE: Explosion on impact. HYDROCARBONS: May form explosive concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide. INDIUM: Ignition and incandescence on heating. INTERHALOGENS: Ignition with possible incandescence. IODATES: Contact may result in ignition or an explosion. IODINE PENTOXIDE: Explosive reaction on warming. IRON: Incandescent reaction on heating. LEAD CHLORITE: Explodes. LEAD CHROMATE: Forms pyrophoric mixture. LEAD DIOXIDE: Explodes. LITHIUM: Violent, possibly explosive reaction. MAGNESIUM: Exothermic reaction. MERCURIC NITRATE: Explosive reaction. MERCURIC OXIDE: Violent explosion. MERCUROUS OXIDE: Ignition on light impact. MERCURY: Exothermic reaction. METAL ACETYLIDES: Contact may result in ignition and possible incandescence. METAL CARBIDES: Contact may result in ignition and possible incandescence. METAL OXIDES: Possible ignition or explosion. METALS: Possible ignition or explosion. NICKEL (POWDER): Ignites with incandescence with boiling sulfur. NITROGEN DIOXIDE: Burns vigorously. OSMIUM (POWDER): Ignites with incandescence in boiling sulfur. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard. PALLADIUM: Ignites with incandescence on heating. PERCHLORATES: Forms shock sensitive mixtures. PHOSPHORUS: Ignition or explosion whem warmed. PHOSPHORUS TRIOXIDE: Violent reaction. POTASSIUM: Violent reaction on warming. POTASSIUM + STANNIC IODIDE: Explosive mixture. POTASSIUM CHLORITE: Violent reaction. POTASSIUM NITRATE + ARSENIC TRISULFIDE: Forms explosive mixture. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE: Possible explosion with friction or heating. RHODIUM: Ignition and incandescence on heating. RUBIDIUM (MOLTEN): Ignites in the vapor. SELENIUM: Ignition with incandescence. SILVER CHLORITE: Explodes with friction. SILVER NITRATE: Violent explosion on impact. SILVER OXIDE: Ignites on friction. SODIUM: Violent or explosive reaction with heat or friction. SODIUM + STANNIC IODIDE: Impact sensitive mixture. SODIUM CHLORITE: Ignites with moisture. SODIUM HYDRIDE: Vigorous reaction with sulfur vapor. SODIUM NITRATE + CHARCOAL: Explosive reaction. SODIUM PEROXIDE: Forms explosive mixture. TANTALUM: Possible explosion. TETRAPHENYLLEAD: Possible explosion. TETRAPHOSPHORUS HEXOXIDE: Violent reaction @ 160 C. THALLIC OXIDE: Explodes with friction. THORIUM: Ignition and incandescence with heating. TIN: Vigorous reaction with incandescence and ignition on heating. URANIUM: Incandescence and ignition with boiling sulfur. VANADIUM (V) OXIDE, WATER: Ignition. ZINC (POWDER): Explosive reaction when warmed. IRON ACETALDEHYDE: Polymerizes readily. AMMONIUM NITRATE: Violent or explosive reaction. AMMONIUM PEROXODISULFATE: Violent reaction. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. CHLORIC ACID: Forms explosive compound. CHLORINE (GAS): Ignites. CHLORINE TRIFLUORIDE: Violent reaction and possible ignition. CHLOROFORMAMIDINIUM NITRATE: Explosive ignition. DINITROGEN TETRAOXIDE: Ignites. FLUORINE: Ignites. HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: Violent decomposition. MINERAL ACIDS: Readily attacked. NITROGEN DIOXIDE: Incandescent reaction. NITRYL FLUORIDE: Incandesces when heated. ORGANIC ACIDS: Attacked or dissolved. PEROXYFORMIC ACID: Incompatible. PHOSPHORUS: Incandesces when heated. POLYSTYRENE BEADS: Possible static ignition. POTASSIUM DICHROMATE: Ignites on contact. POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE + MANGANESE DIOXIDE: Ignites. SODIUM ACETYLIDE: Possible violent reaction. SODIUM PEROXIDE: Ignites under friction @ 240 C. SULFURIC ACID: Possible explosion hazard.

miscellaneous decomposition products 

Thermal decomposition products: miscellaneous decomposition products. 

Will not polymerize. 

Component Analysis - LD50/LC50 

Component Carcinogenicity

Metallic nickel was tested by inhalation exposure in mice, rats and guinea-pigs, by intratracheal instillation in rats, by intramuscular injection in rats and hamsters, and by intrapleural, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intrarenal injection in rats The studies by inhalation exposure were inadequate for an assessment of carcinogenicity After intratracheal instillation, it produced significant numbers of squamous-cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung Intrapleural injections induced sarcomas in rats Subcutaneous administration of metallic nickel pellets induced sarcomas in rats, intramuscular injection of nickel powder induced sarcomas in rats and hamsters, and intraperitoneal injections induced carcinomas and sarcomas in rats There is inadequate evidence in humans and limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of nickel alloys A ferronickel alloy did not induce local tumors after intramuscular or intrarenal injection in rats Two powdered nickel alloys induced malignant tumors following intraperitoneal injection in rats, and one nickel alloy induced sarcomas following subcutaneous implantation of pellets in rats Several epidemiological studies have been conducted addressing cancer risks among workers exposed to dusts containing cobalt in hard metal production facilities A significant increase in the risk for lung cancer was reported among workers in hard-metal facilities exposed to hard metal dusts containing cobalt and tungsten carbide in France The evidence for just cobalt dust in the absence of tungsten carbide was considered inadequate A study by inhalation of cobalt sulfate heptahydrate in male and female mice and rats showed increased incidences of alveolar/bronchiolar neoplasms in both sexes of mice and rats An increase in adrenal pheochromocytomas in female rats was also observed Sarcomas, at the injection site, were the result of cobalt metal powder being tested in two experiments in rats by intramuscular injection and intrathoracic injection Rabbits also developed sarcomas at the injection site in an experiment by intraosseous injection Intraperitoneal injection of a cobalt-chromium-aluminum spinel in rats produced local malignant tumors; intratracheal instillation produced pulmonary squamous-cell carcinomas Iron itself has not been evaluated by IARC However iron and steel founding has been evaluated as IARC Group 1 (Human Sufficient Evidence) Studies have shown that certain exposures in iron and steel founding can cause lung cancer in humans Excesses of leukemia and urogenital and digestive system cancers have also been reported. 

liver and/or kidney disorders, blood system disorders, respiratory disorders, immune system disorders or allergies, history of alcoholism, liver disorders, kidney disorders, skin disorders and allergies, respiratory disorders, blood system disorders, respiratory disorders, liver disorders, skin disorders and allergies, liver disorders, respiratory disorders, nervous system disorders, skin disorders and allergies, respiratory disorders, 

May cross the placenta May cross the placenta Alcohol may enhance the toxic effects Alcohol may enhance the toxic effects May be excreted in breast milk. 

Symptoms may depend on a combination of contributing factors including genetic predisposition, age, nutrition, anemia or alcohol Nephrotoxicity has been demonstrated with excessive exposure to silicon. 

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): Fumes or dust may cause irritation of the respiratory tract IRON: Dust may cause mucous membrane and respiratory irritation due to mechanical action Metal fume fever, an influenza-like illness, may occur due to the inhalation of freshly formed iron oxide particles sized below 1.5 microns and usually between 0.02-0.05 microns Symptoms may be delayed 4-12 hours and begin with a sudden onset of thirst, and a sweet, metallic or foul taste in the mouth Other symptoms may include upper respiratory tract irritation accompanied by coughing and a dryness of the mucous membranes Lassitude and a generalized feeling of malaise Fever, chills, muscular pain, mild to severe headache, nausea, occasional vomiting, exaggerated mental activity, profuse sweating, excessive urination, diarrhea and prostration may also occur Tolerance to fumes develops rapidly, but is quickly lost All symptoms usually subside within 24-36 hours SILICON: Dust may cause respiratory and mucous membrane irritation and cough Intratracheal administration of 25 mg in rabbits produced slight pulmonary lesions CHROMIUM: High concentrations of dusts or fumes may cause irritation COBALT: May cause upper respiratory tract irritation, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and tracheitis Sensitization reactions may occur in previously exposed individuals An obliterative bronchiolitis adenomatosis has been produced in guinea pigs intratracheally injected with the dust at doses of 50, 25, and 10 mg Intratracheal administration of 12.5 mg/kg caused lethargy and death in rats in 15 minutes to 6 hours NICKEL: May cause respiratory irritation, cough, pneumonitis and fever Overexposure may cause headache, dizziness, and difficult breathing Pulmonary edema may be a delayed symptom Pulmonary sensitization may occur causing eosinophilic pneumonitis, asthma and host rejection of nickel containing prostheses Two workers experienced severe but transient pneumonitis after being exposed to 0.26 mg/m3 for six hours NIOBIUM: Inhalation may cause irritation of the mucous membranes Inhaled particles may be retained in the lungs MANGANESE: Dust or fumes may be irritating to the mucous membranes Occupational exposure to dust or fumes has been reported to cause upper respiratory tract problems, black mucous membrane discharge from the nose, and neurological damage Metal fume fever, an influenza-like illness, may occur due to the inhalation of freshly formed metal oxide particles sized below 1.5 microns and usually between 0.02-0.05 microns Symptoms may be delayed 4-12 hours and begin with a sudden onset of thirst, and a sweet, metallic or foul taste in the mouth Other symptoms may include upper respiratory tract irritation accompanied by coughing and a dryness of the mucous membranes, lassitude and a generalized feeling of malaise Fever, chills, muscular pain, mild to severe headache, nausea, occasional vomiting, exaggerated mental activity, profuse sweating, excessive urination, diarrhea and prostration may also occur Tolerance to fumes develops rapidly, but is quickly lost All symptoms usually subside within 24-36 hours TIN: Inhalation of inorganic tin compounds may cause respiratory irritation Metal fume fever, an influenza-like illness, may occur due to the inhalation of freshly formed metal oxide particles sized below 1.5 microns and usually between 0.02-0.05 microns Symptoms may be delayed 4-12 hours and begin with a sudden onset of thirst and a sweet, metallic or foul taste in the mouth Other symptoms may include upper respiratory tract irritation accompanied by coughing and a dryness of the mucous membranes, lassitude and a generalized feeling of malaise Fever, chills, muscular pain, mild to severe headache, nausea, occasional vomiting, exaggerated mental activity, profuse sweating, excessive urination, diarrhea, and prostration may also occur Tolerance to fumes develops rapidly, but is quickly lost All symptoms usually subside within 24-36 hours MOLYBDENUM: Inhalation of dust may cause irritation of the respiratory tract Concentrations of 25,000-30,000 mg/m3/1 hour did not produce any deaths in rats Exposure to fume concentrations of 53 mg/m3 from arcing molybdenum metal resulted in minimal effects in guinea pigs; 190 mg/m3 resulted in some deaths, with pathological findings revealing bronchial and alveolar irritation with moderate fatty changes in the liver and kidneys COPPER: Powdered dust may cause irritation of the upper respiratory tract and ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum A feeling of illness similar to the common cold has been reported with symptoms of chills and stuffiness of the head Workers exposed to copper dust in concentrations of 0.075 to 0.120 mg/m3 complained of mild nasal discomfort Exposure to copper fume may cause irritation to the mucous membranes Freshly formed copper fumes may cause metal fume fever Symptoms may include a sweet, metallic, or foul taste in the mouth, dry throat, coughing, fever, chills, muscle aches, weakness, lassitude, nausea, rarely vomiting, mild to severe headaches, and sometimes exaggerated mental activity Workers exposed to concentrations of 1 to 3 mg/m3 experienced an altered taste response but no nausea TITANIUM: May cause irritation of the respiratory tract, tightness and pain in the chest, coughing, and difficulty breathing CARBON: Inhalation of dust may cause slight mucous membrane irritation PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): The vapors of burning white phosphorus are irritating to the nose, throat and lungs and may cause coughing, dyspnea, garlic odor of breath, pulmonary edema, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and unconsciousness Photophobia with myosis, dilation of pupils, retinal hemorrhage, congestion of the blood vessels and rarely optic neuritis have been reported following inhalation Other symptoms may include those as detailed in acute ingestion SULFUR: Inhalation of large amounts of the dust may cause catarrhal inflammation of the nasal mucosa which may lead to hyperplasia with abundant nasal secretions Tracheobronchitis is a frequent occurrence, with dyspnea, persistent cough and expectoration which may sometimes be streaked with blood.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): High concentrations of dust and fumes may cause inflammation and/or ulceration of the upper respiratory tract IRON: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause a mottling of the lungs, a condition called siderosis which is considered to be a benign pneumoconiosis that does not cause significant physiologic impairment Symptoms may include chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and dyspnea on exertion SILICON: Inert dust may cause excessive production of mucous, mucous gland hypertrophy, and increased airway resistance and may contribute to chronic bronchitis CHROMIUM: Repeated or prolonged exposure to various chromium compounds has been reported to result in ulceration and perforation of the nasal septum, irritation of the throat and lower respiratory tract, less commonly in gastrointestinal disturbances, blood changes, pulmonary sensitization, pulmonary pneumoconiosis or fibrosis, and rarely liver effects These effects have not been reported from exposure to the metal per se COBALT: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause respiratory irritation, discharge from respiratory or digestive mucous membranes, nasal obstruction, sneezing, clear secretions sometimes containing blood, an intense burning sensation when swallowing, exertional dyspnea, gastrointestinal distress, appetite and weight loss, peripheral neuritis, headache, weakness, irritability, partial or complete loss of the sense of smell, auditory nerve problems, and an increased incidence of spontaneous abortions in women workers and in the wives of men workers Several cases of cardiomyopathy have been reported in workers The onset of the disease may begin gradually with steadily increasing chest discomfort and sharp pains near the heart Other symptoms may include dry cough, mucoid sputum, general malaise, drop in blood pressure, right sided hemiparesis, sleeplessness, and weight loss Fragmented myocardial fibers, vacuolar change, diffused thickening of the endocardium and absence of an inflammatory reaction were signs of cardiomyopathy Studies from workers chronically exposed to cobalt in tungsten carbide manufacturing of hard metal revealed three types of respiratory disease: Airways obstruction may occur from simple irritation and appears to be related to an allergic response It has been reported to occur at a level of 0.06 mg/m3 and is characterized by wheezing, cough, and shortness of breath while at work with symptoms improving when exposure ceases This syndrome may not develop until 6 to 18 months of exposure has occurred and is not thought to be progressive However once sensitized a worker could probably not tolerate inhalation of even small amounts; interstitial pneumonitis, a a syndrome similar to extrinsic allergic alveolitis has been reported in workers The signs and symptoms are compatible with transient pneumonitis Basal crackles and radiographic abnormalities occur but symptoms improve and respiratory impairment is decreased or resolved once the subject is removed from exposure for a period of time; interstitial fibrosis has been observed to occur in workers exposed to 0.1 to 0.2 mg/m3 for usually 10 years Symptoms included cough, scanty mucoid sputum, and and shortness of breath which progressively worsens Tachypnea is frequent, and clubbing of the digits, and basal crackles are late features of this condition Pulmonary function is decreased and death is usually due to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale NICKEL: Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause mucous membrane irritation and pulmonary sensitization Workers exposed to nickel dust frequently developed chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and nasal sinusitis Anosmia, nasal polyposis and perforation of the nasal septum may also occur Rabbits exposed to 1 mg/m3 dust for 6 hours per day, five days a week for up to six months showed two- to three- fold increases in the volume density of alveolar type II cells The six-month exposure caused focal pneumonia Rats injected intratracheally once a week with 0.9 mg for ten weeks or 0.3 mg for 20 weeks showed adenocarcinomas, squamous-cell carcinomas, one adenoma and one mixed tumor NIOBIUM: No data available MANGANESE: If sufficient quantities of manganese dust or fumes are inhaled and absorbed, systemic poisoning known as "manganism", a Parkinsonian-like syndrome may occur It is characterized initially by anorexia, asthenia, headache, insomnia or somnolence, irritability, restlessness, and spasm or pain in the muscles Manganese psychosis may follow with uncontrollable behavior, unaccountable laughing or crying, visual hallucinations, confusion and euphoria Sexual excitement followed by impotence may occur These symptoms may disappear with the onset of true neurological manifestations of slow, slurred and irregular speech, monotonous tone, double vision, impaired hearing, difficulty with fine motor movements, and disturbances in gait and balance with frequent propulsion or retropulsion Mask-like face, decreased movement of the eyelids and eyes and tremors of the upper extremities and head may also occur Other signs and symptoms may include urinary bladder disturbances, excessive salivation and sweating, hematological changes, vasomotor disorders, decreased pulmonary function, kidney and possibly liver damage Removal from exposure shortly after onset of symptoms usually results in improvement, although there may be residual disturbances in gait and speech Once manganism is well established it becomes irreversible and progressive, but not fatal An increased incidence of bronchitis and pneumonitis has been reported in studies of workers exposed to manganese dust and fume, and although these effects have been confirmed by animal experiments, they may represent an aggravation of a pre-existing condition Allergic diseases of the respiratory tract have also been reported in one study TIN: Repeated or prolonged exposure to dust or fumes may cause a benign pneumoconiosis without fibrosis MOLYBDENUM: No data available COPPER: Prolonged industrial exposure may cause a green discoloration of the skin, hair and teeth Welders exposed to copper fume experienced atrophic rhinitis, metallic taste, runny nose, and mucosal irritation of the mouth and eyes Exposure in animals has caused destruction of red blood cells and lung cell injury It is inconclusive as to whether prolonged exposure has any affect on the nervous system A small number of studies suggest an affinity of copper for the sympathetic system, however, there is no proof that chronic poisoning will affect either the central or peripheral nervous system TITANIUM: Workers exposed to titanium dusts reported mild irritation and a high incidence of chronic bronchitis The early stages of the disease were characterized by impaired pulmonary respiration and ventilatory capacity, and by reduced blood alkalinity Pneumonoconiosis, fibrosis and lesions of the lung have been reported following dust exposure CARBON: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause irritation and pulmonary disorders Lung damage may result if sufficient exposure occurs PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause a dull red appearance of the oral mucosa, weakness, anemia, anorexia, stomach complaints, bronchitis, cachexia and paleness Phosphorus exerts a solvent action on the teeth An increase in bone formation under epiphyseal cartilage may occur and impair blood circulation in the bone These changes lead to bone destruction and necrosis resulting in severe deformity of the mandible, and less often the maxilla, known as phossy jaw This is characterized by periostitis with suppuration, ulceration, and the presence of pus with a foul, fetid odor exuding both internally and externally Sequestration of bone may occur The shortest period of exposure resulting in bone necrosis is reported to be 10 months Polymorphic leukopenia, susceptibility to bone fractures and failure of the alveolar bone to resorb following extraction have been reported In humans, chronic systemic poisoning has caused a yellow discoloration of the conjunctiva in association with jaundice from liver damage Isolated instances of retinal edema, retinal hemorrhages and neuritic and edematous changes in the optic nerveheads have been reported Inhalation of more than 20 ppm by rats for 7 hours/day for 5 days/week resulted in severe respiratory irritation and in a high mortality rate primarily due to edema of lungs and bronchopneumonia with hyaline membrane formation SULFUR: Repeated or prolonged exposure to dust may cause irritation to the mucous membranes Bronchopulmonary disease may occur which, after several years, may be complicated by emphysema and bronchiectasis Early symptoms in sulfur miners often include upper respiratory tract catarrh, with cough and expectoration which is mucoid and may even contain granules of sulfur Asthma is a frequent complication The maxillary and frontal sinuses may be affected; involvement is usually bilateral and pansinuitis may occur Pulmonary function may be reduced Radiological examinations have revealed irregular opacities in the lungs and occasionally nodulation has been reported, but not true nodular fibrosis.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Servic Centers has reported the following): No data available IRON: Dust may cause irritation Penetration of iron particles in the skin may cause an exogenous siderosis which may be characterized by a red-brown pigmentation of the affected area SILICON: May cause mechanical irritation CHROMIUM: Contact with dusts or powder may cause irritation COBALT: May cause irritation Sensitization dermatitis may occur in persons who have been previously exposed Both urticarial eruptions and erythematous papular types have been described and usually occur in skin areas subjected to friction, such as the elbow flexures, ankles, and neck NICKEL: May cause irritation Skin sensitization may occur in previously exposed individuals "Nickel itch", a type of dermatitis resulting from sensitization to nickel may begin with a sensation of burning and itching at the place of contact and usually occurs seven days before the characteristic skin eruptions appear The primary skin eruption is erythematous or follicular; it may be followed by superficial discrete ulcers which discharge and become crusted The eruption may spread to areas related to the activity of the primary site Pigmented or depigmented plaques may be formed This sensitization reaction may be accompanied by fever, stomatitis, gingivitis, conjunctivitis, paroxysmal asthmatic attacks and eosinophilic pneumonitis Recovery usually occurs within 7 days after exposure Nickel is not absorbed through the unbroken skin in amounts sufficient to cause intoxication NIOBIUM: May cause irritation MANGANESE: 500 mg applied to the skin of rabbits caused mild irritation TIN: No reported effects in humans from tin dust Inorganic tin compounds may cause irritation MOLYBDENUM: No data available COPPER: May be irritating and cause keratinization Allergic dermatitis although rare, has been reported Dermal absorption is negligible through intact skin TITANIUM: May cause irritation CARBON: Contact may cause irritation PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Vapors may cause irritation On contact with the skin, solid phosphorus may ignite and produce severe yellowish necrotic thermal burns with redness, pain and blistering The burns may be fluorescent under ultraviolet light and have a garlic-like odor Often a firm grayish-white eschar is produced and is surrrounded by vesiculation and infection ensues Animal studies indicate that phosphorus is absorbed through burned skin to produce systemic poisoning with liver and kidney damage and a marked reversal of the serum calcium-phosphorus ratio and ECG changes Shock may ensue rapidly and death may occur immediately SULFUR: May cause irritation, redness, and pain Sensitivity to sulfur, particularly when used as a topical agent, is rare Two cases of allergic hypersensitivity to sulfur have been reported Absorption of sulfur used to treat scabies and other skin disorders may occur and cause poisoning with shock, syncope, fever, and possibly death Absorption depends on the degree of injury to the skin with intact skin being almost impervious Molten material may cause skin burns.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Servic Centers has reported the following): High cocnentrations of dust and fumes may cause sensitization dermatitis IRON: May cause same effects as reported in acute exposure SILICON: No data available CHROMIUM: Repeated or prolonged exposure to various chromium compounds has been reported to cause various types of dermatitis, including eczema, "chrome holes", sensitization, and, in contact with damaged skin, kidney damage These effects have not been reported from exposure to the metal per se COBALT: Repeated or prolonged contact may lead to sensitization dermatitis NICKEL: Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause sensitization dermatitis NIOBIUM: No data available MANGANESE: Sensitization has been reported in guinea pigs TIN: Repeated or prolonged contact with inorganic tin compounds may cause dermatitis MOLYBDENUM: No data available COPPER: Repeated or prolonged contact may cause irritation and discoloration of the skin TITANIUM: No data available CARBON: Repeated or prolonged contact may cause mechanical irritation PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Effects are dependent upon concentration and duration of exposure Dermatitis or effects similar to those for acute exposure may occur SULFUR: Repeated or prolonged contact may cause dermatitis, possibly with erythematous and eczematous lesions and signs of ulceration.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): Fumes or dust may cause irritation IRON: May cause irritation due to mechanical action Iron particles imbedded in the eye may cause ocular siderosis Effects may include discoloration of the cornea and iris, and pupillary effects including poor reaction to light and accomodation If a particle enters the lens there may be cataract formation Glaucoma occurs rarely in some cases of ocular siderosis SILICON: Silicon dust may cause irritation CHROMIUM: Contact with dusts or powders may cause irritation COBALT: May cause irritation Workers in the cobalt-cemented tungsten industry have not experienced eye irritation at concentrations below 1 mg/m3 NICKEL: Dust may be irritating to the eyes NIOBIUM: May cause transient, mechanical irritation MANGANESE: Dust or fumes may be irritating to the eyes 500 mg applied to the eyes of rabbits caused mild irritation TIN: Powder may cause moderate irritation MOLYBDENUM: Exposure to dust or fumes may cause irritation COPPER: The dust may cause irritation with redness and pain, tearing, and blurred vision Copper particles in the eye may result in a foreign body response with characteristic discoloration of ocular tissue, degeneration and/or detachment of the retina, and atrophy of the globe TITANIUM: May cause irritation CARBON: Contact with dust may cause mechanical irritation May also cause conjunctivitis PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Contact with fumes may cause severe eye irritation with blepharospasm, photophobia and lacrimation Contact with the solid may cause severe burns resulting in permanent damage SULFUR: As low as 8 ppm have caused irritation of human eyes Dust may cause irritation, redness, and pain with lacrimation, photophobia, conjunctivitis, and blepharoconjunctivitis Cases of damage to the crystalline lens have been reported with the formation of opacities and even cataract and focal chorioretinitis Molten material may cause severe corneal burns and eye damage.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): No data available IRON: Repeated and prolonged contact may cause conjunctivitis and other effects reported in acute exposure SILICON: No data available CHROMIUM: Repeated or prolonged exposure to some chromium compounds may cause conjunctivitis and lacrimation These effects have not been reported from exposure to the metal per se COBALT: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause conjunctivitis NICKEL: No data available NIOBIUM: May cause conjunctivitis MANGANESE: Fumes may cause conjunctivitis TIN: Repeated or prolonged exposure to inorganic tin compounds may cause conjunctivitis MOLYBDENUM: May cause conjunctivitis COPPER: Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may cause conjunctivitis TITANIUM: Implants into the vitreous body of rabbit eyes were well tolerated for at least a year CARBON: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause mechanical irritation PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Effects depend on concentration and duration of exposure Repeated or prolonged contact with corrosive substances may result in conjunctivitis or effects as in acute exposure SULFUR: Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may cause conjunctivitis.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): No data available IRON: There are no reports available on poisoning from metallic iron, which is poorly absorbed The principal manifestations of poisoning with iron compounds are vomiting, diarrhea, and circulatory collapse SILICON: May cause digestive tract irritation CHROMIUM: Chromium metal is poorly absorbed by the intestinal tract Absorption of sufficient amounts of some chromium compounds may result in dizziness, intense thirst, abdominal pain, vomiting, shock, oliguria or anuria, and uremia, which may be fatal COBALT: Vomiting, diarrhea, and a sensation of hotness may occur after the ingestion of large amounts NICKEL: Insoluble nickel compounds have a low level of toxicity due to poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract Overexposure may cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and gastrointestinal irritation NIOBIUM: Metallic niobium has a low order of toxicity due to poor absorption from stomach and intestines MANGANESE: Extremely large doses may cause gastrointestinal irritation and possibly systemic toxicity TIN: Relatively non-toxic because of poor absorption At very high levels, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, gastric irritation, and diarrhea may occur MOLYBDENUM: No data available COPPER: May cause headache, weakness, diarrhea, or weight loss 120 ug/kg ingested by a human caused gastrointestinal disorder with nausea and vomiting TITANIUM: Reported to be poorly absorbed from alimentary tract CARBON: Extremely large doses may produce gastrointestinal disturbances PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): May cause warmth or burning pain in the throat and abdomen with intense thirst Nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, garlic odor, belching lumenescence, or fuming of breath or excreta, bloody diarrhea, oliguria, anuria, and cardiac arrhythmia may occur within 1-2 hours Death in coma from peripheral vascular collapse or cardiac arrest may occur in 24-48 hours, or symptoms may subside and recur in several days more intensely Delayed symptoms may include anemia, uremia, nausea, bloody diarrhea, loss of mucosal surfaces of the stomach and intestines, marked thirst, skin eruption, increased blood coagulation time, restlessness, depression, high pulse rate, delirium, fall in blood pressure, cyanosis, hypoglycemia, infiltration of the vital organs, kidney damage with oliguria and albumin casts in the urine, or anuria, pitting edema, liver damage with enlargement, tenderness, jaundice, petechial hemorrhages into the skin, membranes and viscera, tetany (hypocalcemic), prostration and shock Phosphorus may cause abnormal electrocardiograms, abnormal urinary and serum calcium and phosphate levels, proteinuria, aminoaciduria and elevated serum sgpt levels It may cause damage to peripheral nerves with weakness of the lower extremities, abnormal limb sensations, visual and hearing disturbances, irritability and loss of coordination Onset of cheyne-stokes respiration followed by convulsions, coma, and death due to cardiac or hepatic failure may occur up to 3 weeks after poisoning In experimental animals, swelling of the glia, cortical neuron degeneration, and focal perivascular neuronal degeneration have been reported SULFUR: Survival after ingestion of 60 grams of sulfur over a period of 24 hours has been reported Large individual doses (15 grams) by mouth may lead to hydrogen sulfide production chiefly due to bacterial action within the colon With lesser amounts this is rare and unlikely in the absence of mechanical obstruction Small particles are generally more toxic than large ones In rabbits, a dose of 175 mg/kg caused convulsions, unconsciousness, a hydrogen sulfide odor of the breath, fall in blood pressure, bradycardia, stimulation of respiration followed by respiratory arrest, and death Pathological findings included pulmonary edema and hemorrhage Thermal burns may result from oral contact with molten material.

STAINLESS STEEL (Metal Goods Service Centers has reported the following): No data available IRON: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause hemosiderosis or hemochromatosis SILICON: No data available CHROMIUM: No data available COBALT: Cardiomyopathy has been caused by excessive intake of cobalt Symptoms include gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, shortness of breath, dry and persistent cough, thoracic and right upper quadrant abdominal pain, ankle edema, cyanosis, lowered blood pressure, heart enlargement, pericardial effusion, rapid heart rate, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and death Sequela following this illness include recurrent chronic heart failure and neurological and mental deterioration Therapeutic administration has caused nausea, vomiting, skin rash, tinnitus, nerve deafness, thyroid hyperplasia, myxedema, polycythemia, congestive heart failure, and death Administration to humans of 1 mg daily for three days resulted in prolonged time for blood clot formation Degenerative changes have occurred in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas of animals Administration in drinking water produced erythropoietic effects, immunosuppression, and inhibited reflex learning in rats NICKEL: Reproductive effects have been reported in animals NIOBIUM: Niobium crosses the placental barrier in animals MANGANESE: Manganese poisoning has been reported in persons drinking manganese-contaminated well water Prolonged ingestion of manganese in water has produced lethargy, edema, and decreased movement of the eyes and eyelids TIN: Repeated or prolonged ingestion of small quantities may cause abdominal pain, nausea, constipation, and loss of weight MOLYBDENUM: Ingestion of excess molybdenum in animals resulted in a condition known as "teart", characterized by severe diarrhea, loss of appetite, loss of weight, listlessness, poor performance, reduced growth rate, fading hair color, deformities of joints, and impaired reproduction Reproductive effects have been reported in animals COPPER: Copper is an essential element and is found in most human diets in minute amounts Prolonged ingestion through the diet is not known to cause toxic effects except in people with a recessive gene disorder termed Wilson's disease which causes an abnormally high absorption, retention, and storage of copper by the body This disease may cause a dysfunction of and structural damage to the liver, central nervous system, kidney, bones and eyes The disease is usually progressive and may be fatal if left untreated Reproductive effects have been reported in animals TITANIUM: Reproductive effects have been reported in animals CARBON: No data available PHOSPHORUS, WHITE (PHOSPHORUS, YELLOW): Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause a dull red appearance of the oral mucosa, ulcerative stomatitis, salivation, toothache, bony necrosis, especially of the mandible and maxilla with loosening and loss of teeth, spontaneous fractures, anorexia, weight loss, weakness, cachexia, anemia, bronchitis, and jaundice A few milligrams may cause acute hepatic damage with renal pathologic changes, hepatic encephalopathy, or death due to acute yellow atrophy of the liver Hepatic degeneration leading to cirrhosis, severe kidney hemorrhage and changes in blood chemistry have been produced in experimental animals Reproductive effects have been reported in animals SULFUR: Volunteers who ingested daily doses of 500 or 750 mg of colloidal sulfur absorbed it completely, tolerated it easily, and excreted most of it within 24 hours.

Component Analysis - Aquatic Toxicity 

Bioconcentration Factor 

Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. 

Component Waste Numbers 

Component Marine Pollutants 

ADR Tunnel Code Restrictions 

Component Marine Pollutants (IMDG) 

SARA Section 311/312 (40 CFR 370 Subparts B and C) 

The following statement(s) are provided under the California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): 

Canadian WHMIS Ingredient Disclosure List (IDL) 

Germany Water Classification 

REACH List of Substances Subject to Restriction (Annex XVII) - Reg. (EU) No. 1907/2006 

The listed component(s) of this material have been checked for country-specific published classifications according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling (GHS). The results of the queries are displayed below. Please see the individual country listings, as additional interpretations or reference information may be available. For a reference list of H- or P-statements, please visit ChemADVISOR’s website at http://www.chemadvisor.com/product-resources/26-pure-substance-and-mixture-databases/247-ghs-hazard-and-physical-statements 

Australia GHS Classifications 

Australia GHS Labeling Information 

European Union GHS Classifications 

European Union GHS Labeling Information 

Indonesia GHS Classifications 

Japan GHS Classifications 

Japan GHS Labeling Information 

Korea GHS Classifications 

Korea GHS Labeling Information 

New Zealand GHS Classifications 

New Zealand GHS Labeling Information 

South Africa GHS Classifications 

Taiwan GHS Classifications 

Taiwan GHS Labeling Information 

No classification assigned. 

ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; ADR - European Road Transport; AU - Australia; BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand; C - Celsius; CA - Canada; CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service; CERCLA - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act; CN - China; CPR - Controlled Products Regulations; DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DOT - Department of Transportation; DSL - Domestic Substances List; EEC - European Economic Community; EINECS - European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances; EPA - Environmental Protection Agency; EU - European Union; F - Fahrenheit; IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer; IATA - International Air Transport Association; ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization; IDL - Ingredient Disclosure List; IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health; IMDG - International Maritime Dangerous Goods; JP - Japan; Kow - Octanol/water partition coefficient; KR - Korea; LEL - Lower Explosive Limit; LOLI - List Of LIsts™ - ChemADVISOR’s Regulatory Database; MAK - Maximum Concentration Value in the Workplace; MEL - Maximum Exposure Limits; NFPA - National Fire Protection Agency; NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NJTSR - New Jersey Trade Secret Registry; NTP - National Toxicology Program; NZ - New Zealand; OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PH - Philippines; RCRA - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; RID - European Rail Transport; RTECS - Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances®; SARA - Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act; STEL - Short-term Exposure Limit; TDG - Transportation of Dangerous Goods; TSCA - Toxic Substances Control Act; TWA - Time Weighted Average; UEL - Upper Explosive Limit; US - United States 

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Supplier gives no warranty whatsoever, including the warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. Any product purchased is sold on the assumption the purchaser shall determine the quality and suitability of the product. Supplier expressly disclaims any and all liability for incidental, consequential or any other damages arising out of the use or misuse of this product. No information provided shall be deemed to be a recommendation to use any product in conflict with any existing patent rights. THIS SDS IS TO BE UTILIZED SOLELY AS A REFERENCE DOCUMENT AND IT IS NOT TO BE USED TO SATISFY THE DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS OF OSHA'S HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD (HCS) NOR CANADA'S CONTROLLED PRODUCT REGULATION (CPR). Read the Safety Data Sheet before handling product. Use of any information contained herein is provided at the reader's own risk and thus independent judgment by trained professionals must be utilized at all times. 

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