TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE

quaternary, ammonium 

N,N,N-TRIMETHYLMETHANAMINIUM HYDROXIDE; TMAH; UN 3423; C4H13NO

Emergency Overview 

Color:  white 

Change in color: Not available

Physical Form: crystalline powder

Odor:  ammonia odor 

Health Hazards:  potentially fatal on contact with the skin, respiratory tract burns, skin burns, eye burns, mucous membrane burns 

Physical Hazards:  Dust/air mixtures may ignite or explode. 

Short Term:  burns 

Long Term:  burns 

Short Term:  potentially fatal on contact with the skin, burns 

Long Term:  burns 

Short Term:  burns 

Long Term:  burns 

Short Term:  burns 

Long Term:  burns 

If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified personnel. Get immediate medical attention. 

Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry contaminated clothing before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. 

Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Then get immediate medical attention. 

DO NOT induce vomiting. Never make an unconscious person vomit or drink fluids. Give large amounts of water or milk. When vomiting occurs, keep head lower than hips to help prevent aspiration. If person is unconscious, turn head to side. Get medical attention immediately. 

For inhalation, consider oxygen. For ingestion, consider esophagoscopy. Avoid gastric lavage. 

See Section 9 for Flammability Properties 

Slight fire hazard. Dust/air mixtures may ignite or explode. 

regular dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water, regular foam Large fires: Use regular foam or flood with fine water spray. 

Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. Use extinguishing agents appropriate for surrounding fire. Do not get water directly on material. Large fires: Flood with fine water spray. Reduce vapors with water spray. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Apply water from a protected location or from a safe distance. Avoid inhalation of material or combustion by-products. Stay upwind and keep out of low areas. 

alcohols, amines, ammonia, oxides of carbon, oxides of nitrogen 

Do not touch spilled material. Stop leak if possible without personal risk. Small spills: Absorb with sand or other non-combustible material. Collect spilled material in appropriate container for disposal. Small dry spills: Move containers away from spill to a safe area. Large spills: Dike for later disposal. Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. 

Wash thoroughly after handling. Use methods to minimize dust. 

Store and handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a well-ventilated area. Protect from physical damage. Store with bases. Keep separated from incompatible substances. 

Component Exposure Limits 

Biological limit value 

Ventilation equipment should be explosion-resistant if explosive concentrations of material are present. Provide local exhaust or process enclosure ventilation system. Ensure compliance with applicable exposure limits. 

Eyes/Face Wear splash resistant safety goggles with a faceshield. Provide an emergency eye wash fountain and quick drench shower in the immediate work area. 

Wear appropriate chemical resistant clothing. 

Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves. 

Under conditions of frequent use or heavy exposure, respiratory protection may be needed. Respiratory protection is ranked in order from minimum to maximum. Consider warning properties before use. Any air-purifying half-mask respirator equipped with organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with an N95, R95, or P95 filter. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100 or P100. Any air-purifying full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front-mounted or back-mounted organic vapor canister having an N100, R100, or P100 filter. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece, organic vapor cartridge(s) and high-efficiency particulate filter(s). Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece that is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. For Unknown Concentrations or Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health - Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece that is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. 

Stable at normal temperatures and pressure. 

Avoid heat, flames, sparks and other sources of ignition. Dangerous gases may accumulate in confined spaces. May ignite or explode on contact with combustible materials. 

acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, acids, halogens, metals, oxidizing materials, 

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: ACID ANHYDRIDES: Incompatible. ACID CHLORIDES: Incompatible. ACIDS (STRONG): Reacts violently. HALOGENS: Incompatible. METALS: Corrosive. OXIDIZERS (STRONG): Fire and explosion hazard.

alcohols, amines, ammonia, oxides of carbon, oxides of nitrogen 

Thermal decomposition products: ammonia, oxides of nitrogen.

Will not polymerize. 

Component Analysis - LD50/LC50 

Component Carcinogenicity

None of this product's components are listed by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, DFG or OSHA

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: May cause symptoms of respiratory tract irritation possibly including coughing, choking, pain in the nose, mouth and throat and burns of the mucous membranes If sufficient quantities are inhaled, pulmonary edema may develop, often with a latent period of 5-72 hours The symptoms may include tightness in the chest, dyspnea, frothy sputum, cyanosis, and dizziness Physical findings may include weak, rapid pulse, hypotension, hemoconcentration and moist rales.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE Depending on the concentration and duration of exposure, repeated or prolonged exposure to corrosive substances may cause inflammatory and ulcerative changes in the mouth and possibly bronchial and gastrointestinal disturbances.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: Direct contact may cause severe pain, burns and possibly brownish stains The corroded areas are soft, gelatinous and necrotic and the tissue destruction may be deep Potentially fatal on contact with skin.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: Effects depend on the concentration and duration of exposure Repeated or prolonged contact may cause dermatitis or effects similar to acute exposure.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: Direct contact may cause pain and burns, possibly severe The degree of injury depends on the concentration and duration of contact There may be edema, destruction of epithelium, corneal opacification, and iritis When damage is less than excessive, these symptoms tend to ameliorate In severe burns, the full extent of the injury may not be immediately apparent Late complications may include persistent edema, vascularization and scarring of the cornea, permanent opacity, staphyloma, cataract, and symblepharon.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: Effects depend on concentration and duration of exposure Repeated or prolonged contact may result in conjunctivitis or effects as in acute exposure.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE: Alkaline substances may cause immediate pain and circumoral burns and corrosion of the mucous membranes which at first turn white and soapy and then become brown, edematous and ulcerated There may be profuse salivation Swallowing and speech may be difficult at first and then almost impossible Even when there is no evidence of oral burns, the esophagus and stomach may be involved with burning pain, vomiting and diarrhea The vomitus may be thick and slimy with mucus, and later contain blood and shreds of mucous membrane Epiglottal edema may result in respiratory distress and possibly asphyxia Shock with marked hypotension, weak and rapid pulse, shallow respiration, and clammy skin may occur Circulatory collapse may ensue and if uncorrected, lead to renal failure In severe cases, esophageal or gastric perforation are possible and may be accompanied by mediastinitis, substernal pain, peritonitis, abdominal figidity, and fever Esophageal, and possibly gastric or pyloric stricture may occur within a few weeks, but may be delayed for months or even years Death may result within a short time from asphyxia, circulatory collapse, or aspiration of even minute amounts Later death may be due to the complications of perforation, pneumonia, or the effects of stricture formation.

TETRAMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE Depending on the concentration, repeated ingestion of alkaline substances may result in inflammatory and ulcerative effects on the oral mucous membranes and other effects as with acute ingestion.

Component Analysis - Aquatic Toxicity 

Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Subject to disposal regulations: U.S. EPA 40 CFR 262. Hazardous Waste Number(s): D002. 

Component Waste Numbers 

ADR Tunnel Code Restrictions 

Component Marine Pollutants (IMDG) 

SARA Section 311/312 (40 CFR 370 Subparts B and C) 

Not listed under California Proposition 65 

Canadian WHMIS Ingredient Disclosure List (IDL) 

Germany Water Classification 

The listed component(s) of this material have been checked for country-specific published classifications according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling (GHS). The results of the queries are displayed below. Please see the individual country listings, as additional interpretations or reference information may be available. For a reference list of H- or P-statements, please visit ChemADVISOR’s website at http://www.chemadvisor.com/product-resources/26-pure-substance-and-mixture-databases/247-ghs-hazard-and-physical-statements 

Australia GHS Classifications 

European Union GHS Classifications 

Indonesia GHS Classifications 

Japan GHS Classifications 

Japan GHS Labeling Information 

Korea GHS Classifications 

Korea GHS Labeling Information 

New Zealand GHS Classifications 

New Zealand GHS Labeling Information 

South Africa GHS Classifications 

Taiwan GHS Classifications 

Taiwan GHS Labeling Information 

No classification assigned. 

ACGIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; ADR - European Road Transport; AU - Australia; BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand; C - Celsius; CA - Canada; CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service; CERCLA - Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act; CN - China; CPR - Controlled Products Regulations; DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DOT - Department of Transportation; DSL - Domestic Substances List; EEC - European Economic Community; EINECS - European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances; EPA - Environmental Protection Agency; EU - European Union; F - Fahrenheit; IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer; IATA - International Air Transport Association; ICAO - International Civil Aviation Organization; IDL - Ingredient Disclosure List; IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health; IMDG - International Maritime Dangerous Goods; JP - Japan; Kow - Octanol/water partition coefficient; KR - Korea; LEL - Lower Explosive Limit; LOLI - List Of LIsts™ - ChemADVISOR’s Regulatory Database; MAK - Maximum Concentration Value in the Workplace; MEL - Maximum Exposure Limits; NFPA - National Fire Protection Agency; NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; NJTSR - New Jersey Trade Secret Registry; NTP - National Toxicology Program; NZ - New Zealand; OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PH - Philippines; RCRA - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; RID - European Rail Transport; RTECS - Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances®; SARA - Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act; STEL - Short-term Exposure Limit; TDG - Transportation of Dangerous Goods; TSCA - Toxic Substances Control Act; TWA - Time Weighted Average; UEL - Upper Explosive Limit; US - United States 

Reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this information; however, the manufacturer makes no warranty whatsoever including the warranty of merchantability, expressed or implied, with respect to this information. The manufacturer makes no representations and assumes no liability for any direct, incidental, consequential, or other such damages resulting from its use or misuse. 

Supplier gives no warranty whatsoever, including the warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. Any product purchased is sold on the assumption the purchaser shall determine the quality and suitability of the product. Supplier expressly disclaims any and all liability for incidental, consequential or any other damages arising out of the use or misuse of this product. No information provided shall be deemed to be a recommendation to use any product in conflict with any existing patent rights. THIS SDS IS TO BE UTILIZED SOLELY AS A REFERENCE DOCUMENT AND IT IS NOT TO BE USED TO SATISFY THE DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS OF OSHA'S HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD (HCS) NOR CANADA'S CONTROLLED PRODUCT REGULATION (CPR). Read the Safety Data Sheet before handling product. Use of any information contained herein is provided at the reader's own risk and thus independent judgment by trained professionals must be utilized at all times. 

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